The Middle East Peace and Security Forum and the Middle East Initiative at the Belfer Center, Harvard Kennedy School convened a workshop titled Reshaping the Middle East: New Alliances, Rivalries & Economic Partnership in a Shifting Global Order on the sidelines of the Middle East Peace and Security Forum 2024.    

This report synthesizes the key findings and policy recommendations that emerged from experts’ insightful interventions at the workshop, focusing on the implications of new alliances, rivalries, and economic partnerships. The discussion examined the escalating tensions between Iran, non-state actors and Israel, and the impact of this on neighboring states; the foreign policy trajectory of the United States during Donald Trump’s second term, particularly in terms of regional stability and normalization efforts; the role of major powers such as the U.S., China, and Russia in the region; and the future of regional economic integration.